福岡捷二 Shouji Fukuoka

中央大学研究開発機構　機構教授

Institute Professor , Research and Development Initiative , Chuo Univercity

持続可能で災害に強い河川・流域システムの実現

Realization of river/drainage basin systems that are sustainable and disaster resilient.

自然災害の多い今日、私の河川研究にかける思いは「持続可能で災害に強い河川・流域システムの実現」に貢献することにあります。災害時はもちろん、平時から河川で起こる種々の現象を科学的視点から捉え、それらを活かし技術的・工学的視点で問題解決を図っています。そのためには、共に学び、考える人材の育成が重要であることから、大学院生の教育、研究、また研究者・技術者への技術指導に全力を挙げています。これを基盤に大きな研究者、技術者集団を構成することで、土木工学、特に河川の技術的、社会的問題に多面的に対応できる体制を整え、社会貢献に努めています。

Currently, when natural disasters are frequent, I hope that my study on rivers will contribute to “realizing river/drainage basin systems that are sustainable and disaster resilient.” I am attempting to solve problems from a technological and engineering perspective by gaining a scientific understanding of the various phenomena that occur in rivers, not only during disasters, but also in normal times. Nurturing of talented people who learn and think together is important for this, and therefore, I devote as much effort as possible to graduate student education and research, as well as technical guidance for researchers and engineers. By building on this foundation to create large groups of researchers and engineers, I am working to contribute to the society by providing a system that allows technical and social problems in civil engineering, and particularly rivers, to be addressed in a multifaceted way.

Research 01

技術研究に基づく成果を現場に適用し、安全・安心な国土づくり、川づくり、地域づくりに積極的に生かす

「治水と環境の調和した川づくり」と「水防災まちづくり」

Applying results based on the technical research in the field and using them proactively for safe and secure land, river, and community development.

“River works that harmonize flood control and the environment” and “community development for flood disaster prevention”

堤防や河道等河川施設の設計や改修、維持管理等の新しい技術開発に取り組んできました。これらの技術は国の河川技術基準として採用され、災害に対して安全・安心で、管理面や環境面にも考慮した、潤いのある生活環境を実現する管理技術として使われています。また、豪雨に伴う氾濫水の挙動と人々の避難を考えた減災まちづくり等についても、精度の高いシミュレーションモデルを構築し、2020年の神奈川県多摩川の浸水被害原因の解明と対策、2021年の熊本県球磨川の氾濫と復興まちづくり等に活用されています。

I have been engaged in the development of new technologies for the design, repair, and maintenance of levees, river channels, and other river facilities. These technologies have been adopted as national technical standards for rivers and used to realize pleasant living environments that are safe and secure against disasters, considering both flood management and environment. I have also built a highly accurate simulation model for community development for disaster prevention, etc. that considers the behavior of flood waters caused by heavy rain and evacuation of people. This model is being used to understand the causes of flood damage from the Tama River in Kanagawa Prefecture in 2020 and to devise countermeasures, and it is being used for the flooding of the Kuma River in Kumamoto Prefecture in 2021 and the rebuilding of communities.

この研究が世の中にもたらす可能性

Research Possibilities: what the research create to the World

国、地方自治体、建設コンサルタント業界、建設業など

河川災害や環境への技術的貢献は、洪水災害の多い日本でとりわけ重要な国家的課題です。国土交通省、自治体、建設業界、建設コンサルタント業界等がそれぞれの立場で関わっています。大学等の多くの研究者は主に基礎研究の立場から密接に関わり、日頃から国や自治体の委員会等で議論を共にし、共通の問題意識を持っています。各々、専門的な立場から国や自治体の事業に関わり、安心・安全な国土づくりを進めています。福岡ユニットは、産官学の枠を超え、全体を技術的にコーディネイトする役割を果たしています。

National and local government, construction consultancy industry, construction industry, etc.

Technological contributions relating to river disasters and river environments are particularly important on a national level in Japan, where flood disasters occur frequently. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT); local governments; the construction industry; construction consultancy industry; etc. are involved from their respective perspectives. Many researchers at universities, etc. are closely involved mainly from the perspective of fundamental research, and they have a shared awareness of the issues because they routinely engage in discussions at national and local government committee meetings, etc. By being involved in national and local government projects from an expert perspective, they promote safe and secure land development. The Fukuoka Unit plays a role in the overall technical coordination that goes beyond the industry–government–academia framework.

Research 02

知の共有・普及を通じて研究成果を社会に還元する

社会資本整備の担い手を育て、世代を超えて技術を継承・創造する

Giving research results back to society by sharing and disseminating knowledge.

Nurturing people who will be responsible for improving social capital, and passing on and creating technology across the generations.

2005年から毎月続く国土交通省水管理国土保全局と共催で行う河川流域技術研究会は、2022年3月現在のべ160回を超え、国土交通省の関東管内の河川現場技術者を対象とした勉強会「福岡塾」も125回を超えました。現場の技術課題を持ち寄り、最新の知見を共有し、議論することで、課題解決を図ると同時に、活発な議論を通じて多くの技術者・研究者を育成してきました。また、関東地区の大学水工学研究者、大学院生からなる水理研究会も150回を超えています。我々は学術、技術の両面から現場のシーズを探り、ニーズに応え、アカデミアと社会の橋渡しをしています。ここで築かれたネットワークは有事の際にも迅速な連携を可能にし、継続的な産官学連携の基盤となっています。

Hosted jointly with the Water and Disaster Management Bureau every month since 2005, the River and Drainage Basin Technology Seminar has been held more than 160 times, as of March 2022. There have also been more than 125 sessions of the study group “Fukuoka Juku” for MLIT river engineers in the Kanto region. We attempt to solve problems by gathering on-site technical issues and discussing and sharing the latest expertise, and we have educated many engineers and researchers through lively discussions. There have also been more than 150 sessions of the Hydraulics Seminar, comprising university researchers and graduate students in water engineering in the Kanto region. We explore the academic and technical aspects of solutions in the field, and in response to the requirements, we act as a bridge between academia and society. The network we have built is the foundation for continuous industry–government–academia collaboration that enables rapid cooperation in the event of an emergency.

この研究が世の中にもたらす可能性

Research Possibilities: what the research create to the World

国、地方自治体、建設業界、建設コンサルタント業界、大学など

技術者の育成には、大変な時間と地道な努力が必要です。また、技術者自身が学び続ける動機づけが欠かせません。しかし、日々の業務に追われる技術者にとって新しい技術を学ぶ機会を得るのは容易ではありません。一方、基礎研究中心の大学研究者は、洪水災害に直接関わる機会が少ないことから「持続可能で災害に強い河川・流域システムの実現」に向けて学術と技術の両面に卓越する福岡ユニットが「研究会」を主宰し、両者に研鑽と協働の場を提供しています。

National and local government, construction industry, construction consultancy industry, universities, etc.

Training engineers requires considerable time and steady effort. Engineers must be motivated for continuous learning. However, they struggle to incorporate learning of new technologies into their busy schedules. Meanwhile, university researchers who are focused on fundamental research have few opportunities to be directly involved in flood disasters. Therefore, the Fukuoka Unit, which excels in both academic and technical aspects of “realizing river/drainage basin systems that are sustainable and disaster resilient,” supervises seminars that provide opportunities for both parties to study and collaborate.